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+.TH fb.modes 8 "Aug 1996" local "Linux frame buffer utils"
+.SH NAME
+fb.modes \- frame buffer modes file
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.I /etc/fb.modes
+contains an unlimited number of video mode descriptions. The general format
+of a video mode is:
+.sp
+mode
+.RI \" name \"
+.RS
+geometry
+.RI < xres >
+.RI < yres >
+.RI < vxres >
+.RI < vyres >
+.RI < depth >
+.br
+timings
+.RI < pixclock >
+.RI < left >
+.RI < right >
+.RI < upper >
+.RI < lower >
+.RI < hslen >
+.RI < vslen >
+.br
+.B options
+.RI < value >
+.RE
+endmode
+.SH OPTIONS
+geometry options:
+.RS
+.TP
+.I xres
+visible horizontal resolution (in pixels)
+.TP
+.I yres
+visible vertical resolution (in pixels)
+.TP
+.I vxres
+virtual horizontal resolution (in pixels)
+.TP
+.I vyres
+virtual vertical resolution (in pixels)
+.TP
+.I depth
+display depth (in bits per pixel)
+.RE
+.PP
+timing options:
+.RS
+.TP
+.I pixclock
+length of one pixel (in picoseconds)
+.TP
+.I left
+left margin (in pixels)
+.TP
+.I right
+right margin (in pixels)
+.TP
+.I upper
+upper margin (in pixel lines)
+.TP
+.I lower
+lower margin (in pixel lines)
+.TP
+.I hslen
+horizontal sync length (in pixels)
+.TP
+.I vslen
+vertical sync length (in pixel lines)
+.RE
+.PP
+other options:
+.RS
+the first value of this options is the default
+.TP
+.IR \fBhsync "\ {" low | high }
+the horizontal sync polarity
+.TP
+.IR \fBvsync "\ {" low | high }
+the vertical sync polarity
+.TP
+.IR \fBcsync "\ {" low | high }
+the composite sync polarity
+.TP
+.IR \fBextsync "\ {" false | true }
+enable or disable external resync. If enabled the sync timings are not
+generated by the frame buffer device and must be provided externally
+instead. Note that this option may not be supported by every frame buffer
+device
+.TP
+.IR \fBlaced "\ {" false | true }
+enable or disable interlace. If enabled the display will be split in two
+frames, each frame contains only even and odd lines respectively. These two
+frames will be displayed alternating, this way twice the lines can be
+displayed and the vertical frequency for monitor stays the same, but the
+visible vertical frequency gets halved
+.TP
+.IR \fBdouble "\ {" false | true }
+enable or disable doublescan. If enabled every line will be displayed twice
+and this way the horizontal frequency can easily be doubled, so that the
+same resolution can be displayed on different monitors, even if the
+horizontal frequency specification differs. Note that this option may not be
+supported by every frame buffer device
+.RE
+.SH INTERNALS
+Generally a frame buffer display is organized as follows:
+.sp
+.ad c
++\-\-\-+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-+\-\-\-+\-\-\-+
+.br
+.RB "|\ \ \ |\ \ \ \ \ \ \ " ^ "\ \ \ \ \ \ \ |\ \ \ |\ \ \ |"
+.br
+.RB "|\ \ \ |\ \ \ \ \ \ \ " | "\ " \fI5 "\ \ \ \ \ |\ \ \ |\ \ \ |"
+.br
+.RB "|\ \ \ |\ \ \ \ \ \ \ " v "\ \ \ \ \ \ \ |\ \ \ |\ \ \ |"
+.br
++\-\-\-#################\-\-\-+\-\-\-+
+.br
+.RB "|\ \ \ #\ \ \ \ \ \ \ " ^ "\ \ \ \ \ \ \ #\ \ \ |\ \ \ |"
+.br
+.RB "|\ \ \ #\ \ \ \ \ \ \ " | "\ \ \ \ \ \ \ #\ \ \ |\ \ \ |"
+.br
+.RB "|\ \ \ #\ \ \ \ \ \ \ " | "\ \ \ \ \ \ \ #\ \ \ |\ \ \ |"
+.br
+.RI "| " 1 " #       " \fB| "   " 2 "   # " 3 " | " 4 " |"
+.br
+.RB "|" "<\->" "#" "<\-\-\-\-\-\-+\-\-\-\-\-\->" "#" "<\->" "|" "<\->" "|"
+.br
+.RB "|\ \ \ #\ \ \ \ \ \ \ " | "\ \ \ \ \ \ \ #\ \ \ |\ \ \ |"
+.br
+.RB "|\ \ \ #\ \ \ \ \ \ \ " | "\ " \fI6 "\ \ \ \ \ #\ \ \ |\ \ \ |"
+.br
+.RB "|\ \ \ #\ \ \ \ \ \ \ " | "\ \ \ \ \ \ \ #\ \ \ |\ \ \ |"
+.br
+.RB "|\ \ \ #\ \ \ \ \ \ \ " v "\ \ \ \ \ \ \ #\ \ \ |\ \ \ |"
+.br
++\-\-\-#################\-\-\-+\-\-\-+
+.br
+.RB "|\ \ \ |\ \ \ \ \ \ \ " ^ "\ \ \ \ \ \ \ |\ \ \ |\ \ \ |"
+.br
+.RB "|\ \ \ |\ \ \ \ \ \ \ " | "\ " \fI7 "\ \ \ \ \ |\ \ \ |\ \ \ |"
+.br
+.RB "|\ \ \ |\ \ \ \ \ \ \ " v "\ \ \ \ \ \ \ |\ \ \ |\ \ \ |"
+.br
++\-\-\-+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-+\-\-\-+\-\-\-+
+.br
+.RB "|\ \ \ |\ \ \ \ \ \ \ " ^ "\ \ \ \ \ \ \ |\ \ \ |\ \ \ |"
+.br
+.RB "|\ \ \ |\ \ \ \ \ \ \ " | "\ " \fI8 "\ \ \ \ \ |\ \ \ |\ \ \ |"
+.br
+.RB "|\ \ \ |\ \ \ \ \ \ \ " v "\ \ \ \ \ \ \ |\ \ \ |\ \ \ |"
+.br
++\-\-\-+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-+\-\-\-+\-\-\-+
+.sp
+.ad n
+.RS
+.I 1
+\t left margin
+.br
+.I 2
+\t xres
+.br
+.I 3
+\t right margin
+.br
+.I 4
+\t horizontal sync len
+.br
+.I 5
+\t upper margin
+.br
+.I 6
+\t yres
+.br
+.I 7
+\t lower margin
+.br
+.I 8
+\t vertical sync len
+.RE
+.sp
+The area bordered with `#' is the visible display area. Horizontal and
+vertical frequencies can now easily be calculated, for this the sum of
+horizontal or vertical values are important
+.RS
+.sp
+htotal\ =\ left\ +\ xres\ +\ right\ +\ hslen
+.br
+vtotal\ =\ upper\ +\ yres\ +\ lower\ +\ vslen
+.sp
+.RE
+The length of one line can now be calculated with pixclock
+.RS
+.sp
+line\ =\ pixclock\ *\ htotal
+.sp
+.RE
+and we have the horizontal frequency
+.RS
+.sp
+hfreq\ =\ 1E12\ /\ line\ =\ 1E12\ /\ (pixclock\ *\ htotal)
+.sp
+.RE
+To get the vertical frequency vtotal must eventually adjusted. If the
+display is laced, vtotal must be halved or if the display is a doublescan
+one, vtotal must be doubled. Now we can calculate the length of one frame
+.RS
+.sp
+if\ (lace)\ \ \ vtotal\ /=\ 2
+.br
+if\ (double)\ vtotal\ *=\ 2
+.sp
+frame\ =\ vtotal\ *\ line
+.sp
+.RE
+and we get also the vertical frequency
+.RS
+.sp
+vfreq\ =\ 1E12\ /\ frame\ =\ hfreq\ /\ vtotal
+.sp
+.RE
+.SH SEE ALSO
+.BR fbset "(8), " fbdev (4)