vo_gpu: d3d11: initial implementation

This is a new RA/vo_gpu backend that uses Direct3D 11. The GLSL
generated by vo_gpu is cross-compiled to HLSL with SPIRV-Cross.

What works:

- All of mpv's internal shaders should work, including compute shaders.

- Some external shaders have been tested and work, including RAVU and
  adaptive-sharpen.

- Non-dumb mode works, even on very old hardware. Most features work at
  feature level 9_3 and all features work at feature level 10_0. Some
  features also work at feature level 9_1 and 9_2, but without high-bit-
  depth FBOs, it's not very useful. (Hardware this old is probably not
  fast enough for advanced features anyway.)

  Note: This is more compatible than ANGLE, which requires 9_3 to work
  at all (GLES 2.0,) and 10_1 for non-dumb-mode (GLES 3.0.)

- Hardware decoding with D3D11VA, including decoding of 10-bit formats
  without truncation to 8-bit.

What doesn't work / can be improved:

- PBO upload and direct rendering does not work yet. Direct rendering
  requires persistent-mapped PBOs because the decoder needs to be able
  to read data from images that have already been decoded and uploaded.
  Unfortunately, it seems like persistent-mapped PBOs are fundamentally
  incompatible with D3D11, which requires all resources to use driver-
  managed memory and requires memory to be unmapped (and hence pointers
  to be invalidated) when a resource is used in a draw or copy
  operation.

  However it might be possible to use D3D11's limited multithreading
  capabilities to emulate some features of PBOs, like asynchronous
  texture uploading.

- The blit() and clear() operations don't have equivalents in the D3D11
  API that handle all cases, so in most cases, they have to be emulated
  with a shader. This is currently done inside ra_d3d11, but ideally it
  would be done in generic code, so it can take advantage of mpv's
  shader generation utilities.

- SPIRV-Cross is used through a NIH C-compatible wrapper library, since
  it does not expose a C interface itself.

  The library is available here: https://github.com/rossy/crossc

- The D3D11 context could be made to support more modern DXGI features
  in future. For example, it should be possible to add support for
  high-bit-depth and HDR output with DXGI 1.5/1.6.

3 files changed, 1 insertions, 457 deletions

diff --git a/video/out/opengl/context_angle.c b/video/out/opengl/context_angle.c
index 0b665e27bf..b504293db5 100644
--- a/video/out/opengl/context_angle.c
+++ b/video/out/opengl/context_angle.c
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 
 #include "angle_dynamic.h"
 #include "egl_helpers.h"
-#include "d3d11_helpers.h"
+#include "video/out/gpu/d3d11_helpers.h"
 
 #include "common/common.h"
 #include "options/m_config.h"
diff --git a/video/out/opengl/d3d11_helpers.c b/video/out/opengl/d3d11_helpers.c
deleted file mode 100644
index d9b7fc2804..0000000000
--- a/video/out/opengl/d3d11_helpers.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,383 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of mpv.
- *
- * mpv is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
- * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * mpv is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License along with mpv.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-#include <windows.h>
-#include <d3d11.h>
-#include <dxgi1_2.h>
-#include <pthread.h>
-
-#include "common/common.h"
-#include "common/msg.h"
-#include "osdep/io.h"
-#include "osdep/windows_utils.h"
-
-#include "d3d11_helpers.h"
-
-// Windows 8 enum value, not present in mingw-w64 headers
-#define DXGI_ADAPTER_FLAG_SOFTWARE (2)
-
-static pthread_once_t d3d11_once = PTHREAD_ONCE_INIT;
-static PFN_D3D11_CREATE_DEVICE pD3D11CreateDevice = NULL;
-static void d3d11_load(void)
-{
-    HMODULE d3d11 = LoadLibraryW(L"d3d11.dll");
-    if (!d3d11)
-        return;
-    pD3D11CreateDevice = (PFN_D3D11_CREATE_DEVICE)
-        GetProcAddress(d3d11, "D3D11CreateDevice");
-}
-
-// Get a const array of D3D_FEATURE_LEVELs from max_fl to min_fl (inclusive)
-static int get_feature_levels(int max_fl, int min_fl,
-                              const D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL **out)
-{
-    static const D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL levels[] = {
-        D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_1,
-        D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_0,
-        D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_10_1,
-        D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_10_0,
-        D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_9_3,
-        D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_9_2,
-        D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_9_1,
-    };
-    static const int levels_len = MP_ARRAY_SIZE(levels);
-
-    int start = 0;
-    for (; start < levels_len; start++) {
-        if (levels[start] <= max_fl)
-            break;
-    }
-    int len = 0;
-    for (; start + len < levels_len; len++) {
-        if (levels[start + len] < min_fl)
-            break;
-    }
-    *out = &levels[start];
-    return len;
-}
-
-static HRESULT create_device(struct mp_log *log, bool warp, bool bgra,
-                             int max_fl, int min_fl, ID3D11Device **dev)
-{
-    const D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL *levels;
-    int levels_len = get_feature_levels(max_fl, min_fl, &levels);
-    if (!levels_len) {
-        mp_fatal(log, "No suitable Direct3D feature level found\n");
-        return E_FAIL;
-    }
-
-    D3D_DRIVER_TYPE type = warp ? D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_WARP
-                                : D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_HARDWARE;
-    UINT flags = bgra ? D3D11_CREATE_DEVICE_BGRA_SUPPORT : 0;
-    return pD3D11CreateDevice(NULL, type, NULL, flags, levels, levels_len,
-        D3D11_SDK_VERSION, dev, NULL, NULL);
-}
-
-// Create a Direct3D 11 device for rendering and presentation. This is meant to
-// reduce boilerplate in backends that D3D11, while also making sure they share
-// the same device creation logic and log the same information.
-bool mp_d3d11_create_present_device(struct mp_log *log,
-                                    struct d3d11_device_opts *opts,
-                                    ID3D11Device **dev_out)
-{
-    bool warp = opts->force_warp;
-    bool bgra = true;
-    int max_fl = opts->max_feature_level;
-    int min_fl = opts->min_feature_level;
-    ID3D11Device *dev = NULL;
-    IDXGIDevice1 *dxgi_dev = NULL;
-    IDXGIAdapter1 *adapter = NULL;
-    bool success = false;
-    HRESULT hr;
-
-    pthread_once(&d3d11_once, d3d11_load);
-    if (!pD3D11CreateDevice) {
-        mp_fatal(log, "Failed to load d3d11.dll\n");
-        goto done;
-    }
-
-    // Return here to retry creating the device
-    do {
-        // Use these default feature levels if they are not set
-        max_fl = max_fl ? max_fl : D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_0;
-        min_fl = min_fl ? min_fl : D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_9_1;
-
-        hr = create_device(log, warp, bgra, max_fl, min_fl, &dev);
-        if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
-            break;
-
-        // BGRA is recommended, but FL 10_0 hardware may not support it
-        if (bgra) {
-            mp_dbg(log, "Failed to create D3D device with BGRA support\n");
-            bgra = false;
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        // Trying to create a D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_1 device on Windows 7
-        // without the platform update will not succeed. Try a 11_0 device.
-        if (max_fl >= D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_1 &&
-            min_fl <= D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_0)
-        {
-            mp_dbg(log, "Failed to create 11_1+ device, trying 11_0\n");
-            max_fl = D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_0;
-            bgra = true;
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        // Retry with WARP if allowed
-        if (!warp && opts->allow_warp) {
-            mp_dbg(log, "Failed to create hardware device, trying WARP\n");
-            warp = true;
-            max_fl = opts->max_feature_level;
-            min_fl = opts->min_feature_level;
-            bgra = true;
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        mp_fatal(log, "Failed to create Direct3D 11 device: %s\n",
-                 mp_HRESULT_to_str(hr));
-        goto done;
-    } while (true);
-
-    hr = ID3D11Device_QueryInterface(dev, &IID_IDXGIDevice1, (void**)&dxgi_dev);
-    if (FAILED(hr)) {
-        mp_fatal(log, "Failed to get DXGI device\n");
-        goto done;
-    }
-    hr = IDXGIDevice1_GetParent(dxgi_dev, &IID_IDXGIAdapter1, (void**)&adapter);
-    if (FAILED(hr)) {
-        mp_fatal(log, "Failed to get DXGI adapter\n");
-        goto done;
-    }
-
-    IDXGIDevice1_SetMaximumFrameLatency(dxgi_dev, opts->max_frame_latency);
-
-    DXGI_ADAPTER_DESC1 desc;
-    hr = IDXGIAdapter1_GetDesc1(adapter, &desc);
-    if (FAILED(hr)) {
-        mp_fatal(log, "Failed to get adapter description\n");
-        goto done;
-    }
-
-    D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL selected_level = ID3D11Device_GetFeatureLevel(dev);
-    mp_verbose(log, "Using Direct3D 11 feature level %u_%u\n",
-               ((unsigned)selected_level) >> 12,
-               (((unsigned)selected_level) >> 8) & 0xf);
-
-    char *dev_name = mp_to_utf8(NULL, desc.Description);
-    mp_verbose(log, "Device: %s\n"
-                    "VendorId: 0x%04d\n"
-                    "DeviceId: 0x%04d\n"
-                    "LUID: %08lx%08lx\n",
-               dev_name, desc.VendorId, desc.DeviceId,
-               desc.AdapterLuid.HighPart, desc.AdapterLuid.LowPart);
-    talloc_free(dev_name);
-
-    if (desc.Flags & DXGI_ADAPTER_FLAG_SOFTWARE)
-        warp = true;
-    // If the primary display adapter is a software adapter, the
-    // DXGI_ADAPTER_FLAG_SOFTWARE flag won't be set, but the device IDs should
-    // still match the Microsoft Basic Render Driver
-    if (desc.VendorId == 0x1414 && desc.DeviceId == 0x8c)
-        warp = true;
-    if (warp) {
-        mp_msg(log, opts->force_warp ? MSGL_V : MSGL_WARN,
-               "Using a software adapter\n");
-    }
-
-    *dev_out = dev;
-    dev = NULL;
-    success = true;
-
-done:
-    SAFE_RELEASE(adapter);
-    SAFE_RELEASE(dxgi_dev);
-    SAFE_RELEASE(dev);
-    return success;
-}
-
-static HRESULT create_swapchain_1_2(ID3D11Device *dev, IDXGIFactory2 *factory,
-                                    struct mp_log *log,
-                                    struct d3d11_swapchain_opts *opts,
-                                    bool flip, DXGI_FORMAT format,
-                                    IDXGISwapChain **swapchain_out)
-{
-    IDXGISwapChain *swapchain = NULL;
-    IDXGISwapChain1 *swapchain1 = NULL;
-    HRESULT hr;
-
-    DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC1 desc = {
-        .Width = opts->width ? opts->width : 1,
-        .Height = opts->height ? opts->height : 1,
-        .Format = format,
-        .SampleDesc = { .Count = 1 },
-        .BufferUsage = opts->usage,
-    };
-
-    if (flip) {
-        desc.SwapEffect = DXGI_SWAP_EFFECT_FLIP_SEQUENTIAL;
-        desc.BufferCount = opts->length;
-    } else {
-        desc.SwapEffect = DXGI_SWAP_EFFECT_DISCARD;
-        desc.BufferCount = 1;
-    }
-
-    hr = IDXGIFactory2_CreateSwapChainForHwnd(factory, (IUnknown*)dev,
-        opts->window, &desc, NULL, NULL, &swapchain1);
-    if (FAILED(hr))
-        goto done;
-    hr = IDXGISwapChain1_QueryInterface(swapchain1, &IID_IDXGISwapChain,
-                                        (void**)&swapchain);
-    if (FAILED(hr))
-        goto done;
-
-    *swapchain_out = swapchain;
-    swapchain = NULL;
-
-done:
-    SAFE_RELEASE(swapchain1);
-    SAFE_RELEASE(swapchain);
-    return hr;
-}
-
-static HRESULT create_swapchain_1_1(ID3D11Device *dev, IDXGIFactory1 *factory,
-                                    struct mp_log *log,
-                                    struct d3d11_swapchain_opts *opts,
-                                    DXGI_FORMAT format,
-                                    IDXGISwapChain **swapchain_out)
-{
-    DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC desc = {
-        .BufferDesc = {
-            .Width = opts->width ? opts->width : 1,
-            .Height = opts->height ? opts->height : 1,
-            .Format = format,
-        },
-        .SampleDesc = { .Count = 1 },
-        .BufferUsage = opts->usage,
-        .BufferCount = 1,
-        .OutputWindow = opts->window,
-        .Windowed = TRUE,
-        .SwapEffect = DXGI_SWAP_EFFECT_DISCARD,
-    };
-
-    return IDXGIFactory1_CreateSwapChain(factory, (IUnknown*)dev, &desc,
-                                         swapchain_out);
-}
-
-// Create a Direct3D 11 swapchain
-bool mp_d3d11_create_swapchain(ID3D11Device *dev, struct mp_log *log,
-                               struct d3d11_swapchain_opts *opts,
-                               IDXGISwapChain **swapchain_out)
-{
-    IDXGIDevice1 *dxgi_dev = NULL;
-    IDXGIAdapter1 *adapter = NULL;
-    IDXGIFactory1 *factory = NULL;
-    IDXGIFactory2 *factory2 = NULL;
-    IDXGISwapChain *swapchain = NULL;
-    bool success = false;
-    HRESULT hr;
-
-    hr = ID3D11Device_QueryInterface(dev, &IID_IDXGIDevice1, (void**)&dxgi_dev);
-    if (FAILED(hr)) {
-        mp_fatal(log, "Failed to get DXGI device\n");
-        goto done;
-    }
-    hr = IDXGIDevice1_GetParent(dxgi_dev, &IID_IDXGIAdapter1, (void**)&adapter);
-    if (FAILED(hr)) {
-        mp_fatal(log, "Failed to get DXGI adapter\n");
-        goto done;
-    }
-    hr = IDXGIAdapter1_GetParent(adapter, &IID_IDXGIFactory1, (void**)&factory);
-    if (FAILED(hr)) {
-        mp_fatal(log, "Failed to get DXGI factory\n");
-        goto done;
-    }
-    hr = IDXGIFactory1_QueryInterface(factory, &IID_IDXGIFactory2,
-                                      (void**)&factory2);
-    if (FAILED(hr))
-        factory2 = NULL;
-
-    // Try B8G8R8A8_UNORM first, since at least in Windows 8, it's always the
-    // format of the desktop image
-    static const DXGI_FORMAT formats[] = {
-        DXGI_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM,
-        DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM,
-    };
-    static const int formats_len = MP_ARRAY_SIZE(formats);
-    bool flip = factory2 && opts->flip;
-
-    // Return here to retry creating the swapchain
-    do {
-        for (int i = 0; i < formats_len; i++) {
-            if (factory2) {
-                // Create a DXGI 1.2+ (Windows 8+) swap chain if possible
-                hr = create_swapchain_1_2(dev, factory2, log, opts, flip,
-                                          formats[i], &swapchain);
-            } else {
-                // Fall back to DXGI 1.1 (Windows 7)
-                hr = create_swapchain_1_1(dev, factory, log, opts, formats[i],
-                                          &swapchain);
-            }
-            if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
-                break;
-        }
-        if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
-            break;
-
-        if (flip) {
-            mp_dbg(log, "Failed to create flip-model swapchain, trying bitblt\n");
-            flip = false;
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        mp_fatal(log, "Failed to create swapchain: %s\n", mp_HRESULT_to_str(hr));
-        goto done;
-    } while (true);
-
-    // Prevent DXGI from making changes to the VO window, otherwise it will
-    // hook the Alt+Enter keystroke and make it trigger an ugly transition to
-    // exclusive fullscreen mode instead of running the user-set command.
-    IDXGIFactory_MakeWindowAssociation(factory, opts->window,
-        DXGI_MWA_NO_WINDOW_CHANGES | DXGI_MWA_NO_ALT_ENTER |
-        DXGI_MWA_NO_PRINT_SCREEN);
-
-    if (factory2) {
-        mp_verbose(log, "Using DXGI 1.2+\n");
-    } else {
-        mp_verbose(log, "Using DXGI 1.1\n");
-    }
-
-    DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC scd = {0};
-    IDXGISwapChain_GetDesc(swapchain, &scd);
-    if (scd.SwapEffect == DXGI_SWAP_EFFECT_FLIP_SEQUENTIAL) {
-        mp_verbose(log, "Using flip-model presentation\n");
-    } else {
-        mp_verbose(log, "Using bitblt-model presentation\n");
-    }
-
-    *swapchain_out = swapchain;
-    swapchain = NULL;
-    success = true;
-
-done:
-    SAFE_RELEASE(swapchain);
-    SAFE_RELEASE(factory2);
-    SAFE_RELEASE(factory);
-    SAFE_RELEASE(adapter);
-    SAFE_RELEASE(dxgi_dev);
-    return success;
-}
diff --git a/video/out/opengl/d3d11_helpers.h b/video/out/opengl/d3d11_helpers.h
deleted file mode 100644
index f34d1d4def..0000000000
--- a/video/out/opengl/d3d11_helpers.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of mpv.
- *
- * mpv is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
- * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * mpv is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License along with mpv.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-#ifndef MP_D3D11_HELPERS_H_
-#define MP_D3D11_HELPERS_H_
-
-#include <stdbool.h>
-#include <windows.h>
-#include <d3d11.h>
-#include <dxgi1_2.h>
-
-struct d3d11_device_opts {
-    // Allow a software (WARP) adapter. Note, sometimes a software adapter will
-    // be used even when allow_warp is false. This is because, on Windows 8 and
-    // up, if there are no hardware adapters, Windows will pretend the WARP
-    // adapter is the primary hardware adapter.
-    bool allow_warp;
-
-    // Always use a WARP adapter. This is mainly for testing purposes.
-    bool force_warp;
-
-    // The maximum number of pending frames allowed to be queued to a swapchain
-    int max_frame_latency;
-
-    // The maximum Direct3D 11 feature level to attempt to create
-    // If unset, defaults to D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_0
-    int max_feature_level;
-
-    // The minimum Direct3D 11 feature level to attempt to create. If this is
-    // not supported, device creation will fail.
-    // If unset, defaults to D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_9_1
-    int min_feature_level;
-};
-
-bool mp_d3d11_create_present_device(struct mp_log *log,
-                                    struct d3d11_device_opts *opts,
-                                    ID3D11Device **dev_out);
-
-struct d3d11_swapchain_opts {
-    HWND window;
-    int width;
-    int height;
-
-    // Use DXGI_SWAP_EFFECT_FLIP_SEQUENTIAL if possible
-    bool flip;
-
-    // Number of surfaces in the swapchain
-    int length;
-
-    // The BufferUsage value for swapchain surfaces. This should probably
-    // contain DXGI_USAGE_RENDER_TARGET_OUTPUT.
-    DXGI_USAGE usage;
-};
-
-bool mp_d3d11_create_swapchain(ID3D11Device *dev, struct mp_log *log,
-                               struct d3d11_swapchain_opts *opts,
-                               IDXGISwapChain **swapchain_out);
-
-#endif