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diff --git a/DOCS/pl/formats.html b/DOCS/pl/formats.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..87578b4603 --- /dev/null +++ b/DOCS/pl/formats.html @@ -0,0 +1,243 @@ +<HTML> + +<HEAD> +<STYLE> + .text + {font-family : Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; + font-size : 14px;} +</STYLE> +</HEAD> + +<BODY BGCOLOR=WHITE> + +<FONT CLASS="text"> + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1>2.1. Supported formats</A></B></P> + +<P>It is important to clarify a common mistake. When people see a file with a +<B>.AVI</B> extension, they immediately conclude that it is not an MPEG file. +That is not true. At least not entirely. Contrary to popular belief such a file +<B>can</B> contain MPEG1 video.</P> + +<P>You see, a <B>codec</B> is not the same as a <B>file format</B>.<BR> +Examples of video <B>codecs</B> are: MPEG1, MPEG2, DivX, Indeo5, 3ivx.<BR> +Examples of file <B>formats</B> are: MPG, AVI, ASF.<BR> +</P> + +<P>In theory, you can put an OpenDivX video and MP3 audio +into an <B>MPG</B> format file. However, most players will not play it, since +they expect MPEG1 video and MP2 audio (unlike <B>AVI</B>, <B>MPG</B> does not have the +necessary fields to describe its video and audio streams). +Or you might put MPEG1 video into an AVI file. <A HREF="http://ffmpeg.sourceforge.net">FFmpeg</A> +and <A HREF="encoding.html">MEncoder</A> can create these files.</P> + + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1>2.1.1. Video formats</A></B></P> + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.1>2.1.1.1. MPEG files</A></B></P> + +<P>MPEG files come in different guises:</P> + +<UL> +<LI>MPG: This is the most <B>basic</B> form of the MPEG file formats. It contains +MPEG1 video, and MP2 (MPEG-1 layer 2) or rarely MP1 audio.</LI> +<LI>DAT: This is the very same format as MPG with a different extension. It is used +on <B>Video CD</B>s. Due to the way VCDs are created and Linux is designed, +the DAT files cannot be played nor copied from VCDs as regular files. You have +to use the <CODE>-vcd</CODE> option to play the Video CD.</LI> +<LI>VOB: This is the MPEG file format on <B>DVD</B>s. It is the same as MPG, plus the +capability to contain subtitles or non-MPEG (AC3) audio. It contains encoded MPEG2 +video and usually AC3 audio, but DTS, MP2 and uncompressed LPCM are allowed, too.<BR> +<B>Read the <A HREF="cd-dvd.html#4.2">DVD section</A> !</B></LI> +</UL> + +<P>Series of frames form independent groups in MPEG files. This means that you +can cut/join an MPEG file with standard file tools (like dd, cut), and it +remains completely functional.</P> + +<P>One important feature of MPGs is that they have a field to describe +the aspect ratio of the video stream within. For example SVCDs have +480x480 resolution video, and in the header that field is set to 4:3, so that +it is played at 640x480. AVI files do not have this field, so they have to be +rescaled during encoding or played with the <CODE>-aspect</CODE> option.</P> + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.2>2.1.1.2. AVI files</A></B></P> + +<P>Designed by Micro$oft, <B>AVI (Audio Video Interleaved)</B> is a +widespread multipurpose format currently used mostly for DivX and DivX4 +video. It has many known drawbacks and shortcomings (for example in streaming). +It supports one video stream and 0 to 99 audio streams and can be as big as +2GB. There exists an extension allowing bigger files called <B>OpenDMS</B>. +M$ currently strongly discourages its use and encourages ASF/WMV. Not that +anybody cares.<BR> + +<P>There is a hack for AVI files that enhances them to contain Ogg Vorbis audio + stream, but makes them incompatible with standard AVI. <B>MPlayer</B> + supports playing these files, though seeking is currently unimplemented.</P> + +<B>NOTE:</B> DV cameras can create two types of AVI formats. One is common and +playable, the other is neither.</P> + +<P>There are two kinds of AVI files:</P> +<UL> + <LI><B>Interleaved:</B> Audio and video content is interleaved. This is the + standard usage. Recommended and mostly used. Some tools create interleaved + AVIs with bad sync. <B>MPlayer</B> detects these as interleaved, and this + climaxes in loss of A/V sync, probably at seeking. These files should be + played as non-interleaved (with the <CODE>-ni</CODE> option).</LI> + <LI><B>Non-interleaved:</B> First comes the whole video stream, then the whole + audio stream. It thus needs a lot of seeking, making playing from network or + CD-Rom difficult.</LI> +</UL> + +<P><B>MPlayer</B> supports two kinds of timings for AVI files:</P> +<UL> + <LI><B>bps-based</B>: It is based on the bitrate/samplerate of the video/audio stream. This + method is used by most players, including <A HREF="http://avifile.sourceforge.net">avifile</A> + and windows media player. + Files with broken headers, and files created with VBR audio but not + VBR-compliant encoder will result in A/V desync with this method (mostly at + seeking).</LI> + <LI><B>interleaving-based</B>: It does not use the bitrate value of the header, instead + it uses the relative position of interleaved audio and video chunks, making + badly encoded files with VBR audio playable.</LI> +</UL> + +<P>Any audio and video codec is allowed, but note that VBR audio is not well +supported by most players. The file format makes it possible to use VBR +audio, but most players expect CBR audio, thus they fail with VBR. VBR is +uncommon and Microsoft's AVI specs only describe CBR audio. I also noticed that +most AVI encoders/multiplexers create bad files when using VBR audio. There are only +two exceptions (known to me): NaNDub and <A HREF="encoding.html">MEncoder</A>.</P> + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.3>2.1.1.3. ASF/WMV files</A></B></P> + +<P>ASF (active streaming format) comes from Microsoft. They developed two +variants of ASF, v1.0 and v2.0. v1.0 is used by their media tools (windows +media player and windows media encoder) and is very secret. v2.0 is published +and patented :). Of course they differ, there is no compatibility at all (it is +just another legal game). <B>MPlayer</B> supports only v1.0, as nobody has ever seen +v2.0 files :). Note that ASF files nowadays come with the extension .WMA or +.WMV.</P> + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.4>2.1.1.4. QuickTime/MOV files</A></B></P> + +<P>These formats were designed by Apple. They usually have a .QT or .MOV extension. Note +that since the MPEG4 group chose QuickTime as the recommended file format +for MPEG4, their MOV files come with a .MPG or .MP4 extension (Interestingly +the video and audio streams in these files are real MPG and AAC files. With the +<CODE>-dumpvideo</CODE> and <CODE>-dumpaudio</CODE> options you can even extract them!).</P> + +<P><B>Codecs</B>: Any codec is allowed, both CBR and VBR. Note: most new QuickTime files use +<B>Sorensen</B> video and QDesign Music audio. These formats have not been +disclosed and will probably remain so in the future, making Apple's QuickTime +player the only player able to play these files (on Windows/Mac OS only).</P> + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.5>2.1.1.5. VIV files</A></B></P> + +<P><B>MPlayer</B> happily demuxes VIVO file formats. The biggest disadvantage of +the format is that it has no index block, nor a fixed packet size or sync bytes +and most files lack even keyframes, so forget seeking!</P> + +<P>The video codec of VIVO/1.0 files is standard <B>h.263</B>. The video codec +of VIVO/2.0 files is a modified, nonstandard <B>h.263v2</B>. The audio is the same, +it may be <B>g.723</B> (standard), or <B>Vivo Siren</B>.</P> + +<P>See the <A HREF="codecs.html#2.2.1.4">VIVO video codec</A> +and <A HREF="codecs.html#2.2.2.4">VIVO audio codec</A> sections for installation +instructions.</P> + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.6>2.1.1.6. FLI files</A></B></P> + +<P><B>FLI</B> is a very old file format used by Autodesk Animator, but it is +a common file format for short animations on the net. <B>MPlayer</B> demuxes +and decodes FLI movies and is even able to seek within them (useful when +looping with the <CODE>-loop</CODE> option). FLI files do not have keyframes, so the picture +will be messy for a short time after seeking.</P> + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.7>2.1.1.7. RealMedia (RM) files</A></B></P> + +<P>Yes, <B>MPlayer</B> can read (demux) RealMedia (.rm) files. Seeking works +(the format supports keyframes). Here are the lists of the supported +<A HREF="codecs.html#2.2.1.8">RealVideo</A> +and <A HREF="codecs.html#2.2.2.5">RealAudio</A> codecs. + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.8>2.1.1.8. NuppelVideo files</A></B></P> + +<P><A HREF="http://mars.tuwien.ac.at/~roman/nuppelvideo">NuppelVideo</A> +is a TV grabber tool (AFAIK:). <B>MPlayer</B> can read its .NUV +files (only NuppelVideo 5.0). Those files can contain uncompressed YV12, +YV12+RTJpeg compressed, YV12 RTJpeg+lzo compressed, and YV12+lzo compressed +frames. <B>MPlayer</B> decodes (and also <B>encodes</B> them with MEncoder to +DivX/etc!) them all. Seeking works.</P> + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.9>2.1.1.9. yuv4mpeg files</A></B></P> + +<P><A HREF="http://mjpeg.sourceforge.net">yuv4mpeg / yuv4mpeg2</A> is +a file format used by the <A HREF="http://mjpeg.sf.net">mjpegtools programs</A>. +You can grab, produce, filter or encode video in this format using these. +The file format is really a sequence of uncompressed YUV 4:2:0 images. +</P> + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.10>2.1.1.10. FILM files</A></B></P> + +<P>This format is used on old Sega Saturn CD-Rom games.</P> + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.11>2.1.1.11. RoQ files</A></B></P> + +<P>RoQ files are multimedia files used in some ID games such as Quake III and + Return to Castle Wolfenstein.</P> + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1.1.12>2.1.1.12. OGG files</A></B></P> + +<P>This is a new fileformat from Xiphophorus, developed to contain Vorbis + audio. You'll need <CODE>libogg</CODE> and <CODE>libvorbis</CODE> installed + before compiling <B>MPlayer</B> to be able to play it.</P> + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1.2>2.1.2. Audio formats</A></B></P> + +<P><B>MPlayer</B> is a <B>Movie</B> and not a <B>Media</B> player, although + it can play some audio file formats (they are listed in the sections below). + This is not a recommended usage of <B>MPlayer</B>, you better use + <A HREF="http://www.xmms.org">xmms</A>.</P> + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1.2.1>2.1.2.1. MP3 files</A></B></P> + +<P>You may have problems playing certain MP3 files that <B>MPlayer</B> will +misdetect as MPEGs and play incorrectly or not at all. This cannot be fixed +without dropping support for certain broken MPEG files and thus will remain +like this for the foreseeable future. The <CODE>-demuxer</CODE> flag described +in the manpage may help you in these cases.</P> + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1.2.2>2.1.2.2. WAV files</A></B></P> + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1.2.3>2.1.2.3. OGG files (Vorbis)</A></B></P> + +<P>Requires properly installed <CODE>libogg</CODE> and + <CODE>libvorbis</CODE>.</P> + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1.2.4>2.1.2.4. WMA/ASF files</A></B></P> + + +<P><B><A NAME=2.1.2.5>2.1.2.5. MP4 files</A></B></P> + +</BODY> +</HTML> |